ScienceDaily: Biotechnology News |
- New molecular map to guide development of new treatments for multiple sclerosis and other diseases
- Light shed on how body fends off bacteria
- To understand chromosome reshuffling, look to the genome's 3-D structure
- Preventing the Tasmanian devil's downfall: Genome of contagious cancer sheds light on disease origin and spread
- The splice of life: Proteins cooperate to regulate gene splicing
- Genomic imprinting of natural selection revealed
- Quest for sugars involved in origin of life
- Microbial oasis discovered beneath the Atacama Desert
| New molecular map to guide development of new treatments for multiple sclerosis and other diseases Posted: 16 Feb 2012 11:39 AM PST Scientists have created the first high-resolution virtual image of cellular structures called S1P1 receptors, which are critical in controlling the onset and progression of multiple sclerosis and other diseases. This new molecular map is already pointing researchers toward promising new paths for drug discovery and aiding them in better understanding how certain existing drugs work.  |
| Light shed on how body fends off bacteria Posted: 16 Feb 2012 11:39 AM PST Scientists have developed the first 3D look at the interaction between an immune sensor and a protein that helps bacteria move.  |
| To understand chromosome reshuffling, look to the genome's 3-D structure Posted: 16 Feb 2012 10:43 AM PST That our chromosomes can break and reshuffle pieces of themselves is nothing new; scientists have recognized this for decades, especially in cancer cells. The rules for where chromosomes are likely to break and how the broken pieces come together are only just now starting to come into view. Researchers have brought those rules into clearer focus by discovering that where each of the genome's thousands of genes lie within the cell's nucleus -- essentially, the genome's three-dimensional organization -- holds great influence over where broken chromosome ends rejoin. This knowledge could shed light on fundamental processes related to cancer and normal cellular functions -- for example, in immunity.  |
| Posted: 16 Feb 2012 10:34 AM PST Researchers have sequenced the genome of a contagious cancer that is threatening the Tasmanian devil, the world's largest carnivorous marsupial, with extinction. Cataloguing the mutations present in the cancer has led to clues about where the cancer came from and how it became contagious.  |
| The splice of life: Proteins cooperate to regulate gene splicing Posted: 16 Feb 2012 10:32 AM PST In a step toward deciphering the "splicing code" of the human genome, researchers have comprehensively analyzed six of the more highly expressed RNA binding proteins collectively known as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoparticle (hnRNP) proteins.  |
| Genomic imprinting of natural selection revealed Posted: 16 Feb 2012 08:15 AM PST Discovering the relation between genetic variation and observable characteristics of individuals belonging to a species, such as a person's height or the manifestation of a hereditary disease is one of today's challenges in biology. Until now only a small part of the variation of these traits - which biologists name phenotypes - were attributed to genetic variations.  |
| Quest for sugars involved in origin of life Posted: 16 Feb 2012 08:15 AM PST Researchers have managed to isolate a sugar – a ribose – in gas phase and to characterize a number of its structures. Sugars give rise to enormous biochemical interest given the importance and diversity of the functions they carry out: they act as an energy storage system and serve as fuel for a number of biological systems; they form part of DNA and of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and, moreover, play a key role in cell processes. Recently interest in sugars has also been increasingly attracting the attention of cosmochemistry, more concretely, in the search for the fundamental matter of the origin of life in interstellar space.  |
| Microbial oasis discovered beneath the Atacama Desert Posted: 16 Feb 2012 08:04 AM PST Two meters below the surface of the Atacama Desert there is an 'oasis' of microorganisms. Researchers have found it in hypersaline substrates thanks to SOLID, a detector for signs of life which could be used in environments similar to subsoil on Mars.  |
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